ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْكِتَٰبُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ

“This is the Scripture whereof there is no doubt, a guidance unto those who ward off (evil).” — M. M. Pickthall

Tafsirs

AI-generated
Taberî9-10. c.✓ Citation verified

According to Taberî, the expression 'lâ raybe fîh' means 'there is no doubt in it' and the pronoun here refers to the Book (Qur'an); that is, it is conveyed that there is no doubt about this Book being from Allah. The word 'hüden' means either 'guidance from misguidance' or 'light for the God-fearing,' and he notes that the specification of the Qur'an's guidance and light only for the God-fearing is explained by the fact that it is simultaneously a proof against the disbelievers and a cause of blindness in their hearts and eyes. Furthermore, the text relates a story about Jewish scholars (Huyey b. Ahtab and his companions) attempting to calculate the lifespan of the Prophet's community using the numerical values of the muqattaat letters in the abjad system.

يعني بقوله، لا شك فيه، وبقوله: أن قد كان ثم لحيم يعني قتيلا، يقال، قد لحم إذا قتل. والهاء التي في فيه. عائدة على الكتاب، كأنه قال: لا شك في ذلك الكتاب أنه من عند الله هدى للمتقين
Zemahşerî12. c.✓ Citation verified

According to Zemahşerî, the expression 'lâ raybe fîh' in the verse is an interjected clause (i'tirâz) that is independent of its place in the sentence; the pronoun here refers to the content of the clause, namely the fact that the Qur'an was sent down from the Lord of the Worlds. The disbelievers' statement 'he fabricated it' is either a claim made stubbornly or the words of an ignorant person repeating what he heard from others without thinking, and this too is an interjected clause independent of its grammatical place. Additionally, the difference in readings of the word 'ferîkun' with both nominative and accusative cases is explained.

والضمير في { فيه } راجع إلى مضمون الجملة ، كأنه قيل : لا ريب في ذلك ، أي في كونه منزلا من رب العالمين
Fahreddin er-Râzî12-13. c.✓ Citation verified

According to this exegete, the negation in the expression 'lâ raybe fîhi' is a negation of the category (essence); this requires the negation of all instances, and consequently it is understood that no type of doubt exists in the Book. Furthermore, it is stated that through 'hüden' the Book itself is guidance, which is more appropriate to the repeated description of the Qur'an as light and guidance. The text also emphasizes that the order of the discourse (challenge, perfection, negation of doubt, guidance) is a subtle arrangement from the perspective of rhetoric.

واعلم أن القراءة المشهورة توجب ارتفاع الريب بالكلية ، والدليل عليه أن قوله : { لا ريب } نفي لماهية الريب ونفي الماهية يقتضي نفي كل فرد من أفراد الماهية
Kurtubî13. c.✓ Citation verified

According to Kurtubî, there is disagreement about what 'zâlike' (that) points to; some say it is used in the sense of 'hâzâ' (this), namely pointing to the Qur'an, while others state that the word maintains its true meaning and points to something unseen, and there are about ten opinions regarding what this unseen thing is. Among these opinions are mentioned possibilities such as the Book of Fate in the Preserved Tablet, the Book of Mercy that Allah wrote for Himself, the book promised earlier in Mecca, or pointing to the Torah and Gospel. Furthermore, it is explained that the word 'hüden' means 'guidance and exposition,' and that guidance is of two types: the guidance of direction and the guidance of granting success or creating faith in the heart.

وقيل : هو على بابه أشارة إلى غائب وأختلف في ذلك الغائب على أقوال عشرة فقيل ذلك الكتاب أي الكتاب الذي كتبت على الخلائق بالسعادة والشقاوة والأجل والرزق لا ريب فيه أي لا مبدل له
İbn Kesîr14. c.✓ Citation verified

Ibn Kesîr relates a story regarding the muqattaat letters (alif-lâm-mîm) about how the Jews attempted to calculate the lifespan of the Islamic community using abjad calculation; Huyey b. Ahtab and his companions added up the numerical values of the letters and arrived at different conclusions, becoming confused. He also states that 'zâlike' as a demonstrative pronoun is used in the sense of 'hâzâ' (this), and that the Arabs could use these two demonstrative pronouns interchangeably. Finally, he explains the specification of guidance to the God-fearing in the expression 'hüden li'l-müttakîn' through the views of various exegetes.

قالوا لقد بعث الله قبلك أنبياء ما نعلمه بين لنبي منهم ما مدة ملكه وما أجل أمته غيرك فقام حيي بن أخطب وأقبل على من كان معه فقال لهم الألف واحدة واللام ثلاثون والميم أربعون فهذه إحدى وسبعون سنة أفتدخلون في دين نبي إنما مدة ملكه وأجل أمته إحدى وسبعون سنة
Beydâvî13. c.✓ Citation verified

According to Beydâvî, the demonstrative 'ذلك' in the expression 'ذلك الكتاب' can refer to the muqattaat letters, the chapter, or the Qur'an; the expression 'lâ raybe fîh' does not mean that no one doubts the Book, but rather means that after correct examination, a person of intellect should not doubt it because of the clarity of its proof. The expression 'hüden li'l-müttakîn' indicates that although the Qur'an's guidance is general, those who truly benefit from it and attain guidance through it are the God-fearing, and that piety has three degrees (disassociation from polytheism, avoidance of sins, purification of the heart from things that prevent it from the Truth).

لا ريب فيه معناه أنه لوضوحه وسطوع برهانه بحيث لا يرتاب العاقل بعد النظر الصحيح في كونه وحيا بالغا حد الإعجاز، لا أن أحدا لا يرتاب فيه

Comparison

Common ground

All exegetes agree that the expression 'lâ raybe fîh' conveys certainty about the Qur'an's divine source; the determination of the reference of the pronoun or demonstrative adjective (whether it refers to the Book, the Qur'an, or something else) is a common area of discussion. Furthermore, the specification of guidance in the expression 'hüden li'l-müttakîn' to the God-fearing becomes a subject of discussion in almost every exegete; both Ibn Kesîr and Taberî transmit the story of Jewish scholars' abjad calculation related to the muqattaat letters as a shared narration. Kurtubî and Ibn Kesîr also agree on the point that 'zâlike' can be used in the sense of 'hâzâ'.

Differences

Taberî and Ibn Kesîr follow a narration-focused method, relying on the views of companions and successors and stories; whereas Zemahşerî, Râzî, and Beydâvî proceed more through linguistic, rhetorical, and grammatical analysis (such as interjected clauses, negation of category, and reading variants). While Râzî reads 'lâ raybe fîh' as a negation of category and draws a comprehensive negation of doubt, Beydâvî converts it into a normative and theological interpretation as 'there truly is no doubt' rather than 'a person of intellect should not doubt' - this reflects the school difference (Râzî's theological-logical depth and Beydâvî's more concise juridical-theological approach). Kurtubî, on the other hand, presents the most variety of opinions regarding what 'zâlike' refers to (about ten possibilities), displaying an encyclopedic and supra-sectarian attitude. Zemahşerî's parsing of the disbelievers' statement as an interjected clause is particularly a unique contribution based on Mu'tazili linguistic logic; this emphasis is absent in others.

Historical context

While the earliest exegete Taberî (3rd/9th century) laid the foundations with a narration-focused method, in the later period with Zemahşerî (6th/12th century), linguistic and rhetorical analysis came to the foreground, and this trend gained theological depth with Râzî (6th-7th/12th-13th centuries). Kurtubî (7th/13th century) and Ibn Kesîr (8th/14th century), while returning to the narration tradition and continuing Taberî's line, also synthesized linguistic analysis. Beydâvî (late 7th/13th century), with a concise and systematic approach, distills and conveys the accumulated linguistic and theological knowledge of previous exegetes. Thus it can be seen that while the story of the muqattaat letters and the fundamental meaning framework (the Qur'an's certainty, guidance for the God-fearing) remain constant, the method shows an enrichment from narration toward linguistic, rhetorical, and theological analysis, creating a multilayered tradition of exegesis rather than a single 'correct' interpretation.

Modern connection

The richness of exegesis formed around this verse shows that the harmony between knowledge and faith has been nourished throughout history through different methods (narration, linguistic analysis, rational argumentation); in contemporary times, remaining open to knowledge and different approaches, continuing to learn without absolutizing a single interpretation, can be a meaningful attitude. The emphasis on guidance specific to the God-fearing reminds us of the role of one's spiritual preparation in making knowledge meaningful, carrying a cautious resonance that worship and moral sensitivity must proceed together with knowledge. This diversity can be considered as a lesson about the value of approaching different understandings with tolerance and dialogue at the societal level.

AI analysis — not a fatwa or ruling, not yet reviewed by a scholar