فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا۟ عَلَىٰ يُوسُفَ ءَاوَىٰٓ إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ وَقَالَ ٱدْخُلُوا۟ مِصْرَ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ ءَامِنِينَ
“And when they came in before Joseph, he took his parents unto him, and said: Come into Egypt safe, if Allah will!” — M. M. Pickthall
Taberî9-10. c.✓ Citation verified
Taberî focuses on the identity of the persons Joseph brought to him and the manner in which the dream was fulfilled; he conveys that there is disagreement among exegetes about whether these were parents or father and aunt, and that different views have been transmitted about whether this statement was made before or after Jacob entered Egypt. He finds the view of Ibn Ishak—based on the common usage of the term 'parents' among people—closer to preference, but states that if a sound proof is found that Joseph's mother died earlier, he will accept that report.
وأولى القولين في ذلك بالصواب ما قاله ابن إسحاق، لأن ذلك هو الأغلب في استعمال الناس والمتعارف بينهم في «أبوين» ، إلا أن يصح ما يقال من أن أم يوسف كانت قد ماتت قبل ذلك بحجة يجب التسليم لها، فيسلم حينئذ لها
Fahreddin er-Râzî12-13. c.✓ Citation verified
In this text, Fahreddin er-Râzî examines the vocative and nominative construction in the expression 'يا أسفى' from a linguistic perspective; he explains that 'asafa' can be made nominative as a masdar, a hal, or a mefulun lih, and that the vocative is in reality directed at the emotion of regret/sorrow. He also provides answers to questions such as why Jacob, despite being a prophet, showed such grief, and why Joseph did not send news to his father; he notes that the intensity of distress turning the heart toward God is a wisdom.
حصل للنداء ههنا تأويلان : أحدهما : أن النداء للحسرة ، والمراد منه تنبيه المخاطبين وهو قول الزجاج . والثاني : أن المنادى هو نفس الحسرة على معنى : أن هذا وقتك فاحضري وهو قول سيبويه
Kurtubî13. c.✓ Citation verified
According to Kurtubî, in the expression of Joseph raising his parents to the throne, the term 'parents' encompasses his father Jacob and his aunt, since his mother died at the birth of Benjamin; according to one view, God revived his mother for the fulfillment of the dream. Moreover, regarding the position of 'inshallah' in the expression 'enter Egypt inshallah,' he transmits Ibn Jurayj's view on dislocation versus the objection of an-Nahhas to this, and the interpretation that this was actually said in the sense of seeking blessing and being secure from famine/Pharaoh.
وكانت أمه قد ماتت في ولادة أخيه بنيامين وقيل : أحيا الله له أمه تحقيقا للرؤيا حتى سجدت له قاله الحسن
İbn Kesîr14. c.✓ Citation verified
Ibn Kesîr, while conveying the information that Joseph brought his parents to him and seated them on the throne, evaluates the views transmitted by Ibn Jerîr on this matter; particularly on the issue of whether Joseph's mother died or was alive, he transmits Ibn Jerîr's conclusion—'there is no definitive proof of the mother's death; the apparent meaning of the Qur'an points to her being alive'—as a preferable and context-supported view. In contrast, the view of as-Suddî and Abdurrahman b. Zayd b. Aslem—that the person Joseph brought to him was his father and aunt, and that his mother had died earlier—is also mentioned in the text.
قال ابن جرير ولم يقم دليل على موت أمه وظاهر القرإن يدل على حياتها وهذا الذي نصره هو المتصور الذي يدل عليه السياق
Beydâvî13. c.✓ Citation verified
According to Beydâvî, this verse narrates the entry of Jacob and his family into Egypt; Joseph sent them news with mounts and wealth, and he himself went out with the King to receive the people of Egypt. The number of those entering Egypt is mentioned as seventy-two persons, whereas those who departed with Moses, excluding offspring and the elderly, number more than six hundred thousand. The 'mother' in the verse may refer to Joseph's aunt, since Jacob married her after his mother's death, and a stepmother is also called 'mother.'
آوى إليه أبويه ضم إليه أباه وخالته واعتنقهما نزلها منزلة الأم تنزيل العم منزلة الأب في قوله: وإله آبائك إبراهيم وإسماعيل وإسحاق أو لأن يعقوب عليه السلام تزوجها بعد أمه والرابة تدعى أما
Zemahşerî12. c.✓ Citation verified
According to this exegete, Joseph made great preparations to receive his father Jacob, going out with his army and the people of Egypt. When Jacob was reunited with Joseph, he greeted him saying 'O one who removes sorrows,' and Joseph asked him about the sorrow that had caused his blindness. Moreover, reports are transmitted regarding the numbers of the Children of Israel who entered Egypt and those who departed with Moses.
السلام عليك يا مذهب الأحزان
Comparison
Common ground
All exegetes focus on the scene of Joseph bringing his parents to him and engage with the discussion of whether the term 'parents/mother' refers literally to mother and father or to father and aunt; Taberî, Kurtubî, Ibn Kesîr, and Beydâvî compare the reports on this matter of identity and raise the view that the mother died at the birth of Benjamin.
Differences
While Taberî and Ibn Kesîr approach the matter through preference among reports and linguistic/customary analysis, Ibn Kesîr emphasizes that the apparent meaning of the Qur'an points to the mother being alive; Kurtubî and Beydâvî substantiate through linguistic-figurative analogy that the term 'mother' can encompass the aunt; Fahreddin er-Râzî, rather than this portion of the verse, inclines toward the nahwî and rhetorical aspects of the expression 'yâ asafâ,' as well as kalam questions regarding the propriety of the prophet's sorrow in religious terms; Zemahşerî conveys the scene in a more literary-report-based manner, narrating the emotional encounter.
Historical context
While Taberî, the early-period exegete, cautiously leaves the matter open through report transmission and linguistic custom, in subsequent periods Zemahşerî and Fahreddin er-Râzî give greater attention to rhetorical and kalam subtleties; Kurtubî and Ibn Kesîr systematically compare and express preference among earlier reports, moving the subject into a more analytical framework; although the basic report material remains fixed, the interpretive method has gained linguistic and kalam depth over time.
Modern connection
The discussions surrounding this verse remind us of the preservation of family bonds with patience and compassion despite difficulties, and the value of reunion and loyalty sentiments. The process in the Joseph narrative—one that ends with grief, patience, and ultimately gratitude—can inspire the revival of hope and family solidarity in the face of hardships today. The consideration of different reports together also points to the importance of cautious and multifaceted thinking in the scholarly tradition.
AI analysis — not a fatwa or ruling, not yet reviewed by a scholar