فَلَمَّآ أَن جَآءَ ٱلْبَشِيرُ أَلْقَىٰهُ عَلَىٰ وَجْهِهِۦ فَٱرْتَدَّ بَصِيرًا قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُل لَّكُمْ إِنِّىٓ أَعْلَمُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ

“Then, when the bearer of glad tidings came, he laid it on his face and he became a seer once more. He said: Said I not unto you that I know from Allah that which ye know not?” — M. M. Pickthall

Tafsirs

AI-generated
Taberî9-10. c.✓ Citation verified

Taberî in this section conveys reports regarding who the 'bashîr' (bringer of good tidings) was; the majority view states that he was Yehûza (Yahuza), the son of Jacob, while from as-Suddî it is reported that he was Joseph's messenger/herald (barîd). He then explains that the bringer of good tidings placed Joseph's shirt on Jacob's face, and as a result Jacob's eyes were opened and he became able to see. Finally, he mentions that Jacob reminded his children that he had previously told them, as he knew from Allah, that Joseph would return to him.

حدثني محمد بن عمرو قال: ثنا أبو عاصم قال: ثنا عيسى، عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد: {البشير} قال: «يهوذا بن يعقوب»
Zemahşerî12. c.✓ Citation verified

This exegete states that the expression in the verse means 'until he came to me and my eyes became clear'; he says that the correctness of this view is supported by the phrase 'faraja basîran' (he turned back while seeing) that follows in the verse.

أو يأت إلي وهو بصير . وينصره قوله فرجع بصيرا . يقال : رده فارتد ، وارتده إذا ارتجعه
Fahreddin er-Râzî12-13. c.✓ Citation verified

According to Râzî, Jacob's eyes being opened is connected to learning that his son Joseph was alive; among exegetes there has been discussion about whether his eye was completely blind or weakened from weeping. Additionally, the text mentions that the particle 'mâ' could have the meaning of istifham for wonder, that is, it could mean 'O how Allah dealt gently with them with His mercy.' In this context, the verse is explained as showing that mercy truly belongs only to Allah, while the compassion in humans arises as a result of an impulse that Allah casts into their hearts.

وههنا يجوز أن تكون ( ما ) استفهاما للتعجب تقديره : فبأي رحمة من الله لنت لهم ، وذلك لأن جنايتهم لما كانت عظيمة
Kurtubî13. c.✓ Citation verified

According to this exegete, different reports are conveyed regarding the identity of the bringer of good tidings (whether it was Shim'ûn or Yehûdâ); it is stated that the bringer of good tidings said that just as he had brought Jacob the shirt stained with blood on that day, he would now bring the shirt of joy. Furthermore, it is reported that Jacob had nothing to give in return to the bringer of good tidings, but instead prayed for him that the agony of death would be lightened. In this context, the verse is used as evidence for the permissibility of giving gifts and bestowing presents upon receiving good news; this view is also supported by the hadith of Kâ'b b. Mâlik.

قد علمتم أني ذهبت إليه بقميص الترحة فدعوني أذهب إليه بقميص الفرحة
İbn Kesîr14. c.✓ Citation verified

According to this exegete, the verse expresses that the speaker had previously told those addressed something that Allah had informed him of and that he knew with certainty—that Allah would return Joseph or something similar. That is, here is presented a reminder of a word spoken in the past, and it is explained that this carries a certainty based on knowledge.

أي أعلم أن الله سيرده إلى وقلت لكم
Beydâvî13. c.✓ Citation verified

Beydâvî conveys the report regarding Joseph's shirt being cast upon Jacob's face: it is stated that the one who brought it said that just as he had previously brought the shirt stained with blood and saddened Jacob, he now wished to bring this shirt to make him happy. The casting of the shirt upon the face is, according to some views, the act of the bringer of good tidings, and according to other views, the act of Jacob himself. The phrase 'Fartadda basîrâ' is explained as becoming able to see again through the power that came alive within him; the words 'Alam akul lakum' also points to Jacob's knowledge from Allah that Joseph was alive and that joy would come, and it is interpreted in this sense.

روي: أنه قال كما أحزنته بحمل قميصه الملطخ بالدم إليه فأفرحه بحمل هذا إليه. ألقاه على وجهه طرح البشير القميص على وجه يعقوب عليه السلام أو يعقوب نفسه. فارتد بصيرا عاد بصيرا لما انتعش فيه من القوة.

Comparison

Common ground

The exegetes agree on the matter that the bringer of good tidings placed Joseph's shirt on Jacob's face and as a result his eyes were opened and he began to see; moreover, the emphasis that Jacob had previously told his children that Joseph would return because he knew this from Allah is a shared point among them.

Differences

While Taberî and Kurtubî convey the differences in reports regarding the identity of the bringer of good tidings (Yehûza, Shim'ûn, or a herald), Zemahşerî and Beydâvî approach the matter more from a linguistic and rhetorical perspective, emphasizing the grammatical and contextual implications of the expression. Râzî takes the issue to a rational and theological discussion by debating whether the eye was truly blind or weakened, and that mercy in reality belongs to Allah; Kurtubî, on the other hand, derives the juridical permissibility of giving gifts in return for good news from the verse. These differences arise from the different methodological emphases of the exegetes such as reports, linguistic analysis, theology, and jurisprudence.

Historical context

In the process extending from Taberî to Beydâvî, the report material remained largely unchanged, but over time the method of interpretation became diversified: while in the early period the collection and transmission of reports was emphasized, in later exegetes linguistic analysis, theological reasoning, and juridical inferences were added over these reports, allowing the text to be processed from multiple perspectives.

Modern connection

This narrative reminds us how pleasant good news that comes after a long period of sorrow and uncertainty is to the human soul and body; this also provides an example of how patience and trust in Allah can in time transform into peace. Furthermore, a lesson can be drawn about the value of adopting a generous and kind attitude when sharing good news and happy tidings, which can nourish the spirit of mutual support in family and social relations.

AI analysis — not a fatwa or ruling, not yet reviewed by a scholar