فَٱسْتَجَابَ لَهُۥ رَبُّهُۥ فَصَرَفَ عَنْهُ كَيْدَهُنَّ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

“So his Lord heard his prayer and fended off their wiles from him. Lo! He is Hearer, Knower.” — M. M. Pickthall

Tafsirs

AI-generated
Taberî9-10. c.✓ Citation verified

Taberî states that in Joseph's words mentioned in the verse, there is no explicit supplication or request for women's scheming to be kept away from him, but only a report that imprisonment is more beloved to him than disobedience. However, he explains that within this reporting there is contained a complaint to the Lord regarding what was done to him and indirectly a sense of request, similar to how when one person says to another 'if you don't visit me, you will hurt me,' it carries the meaning of a command to visit. Ultimately, he states that Allah accepted this indirect supplication and kept Joseph away from the disobedience that the wife of Al-Aziz and her companions desired.

قيل: إن في إخباره بذلك شكاية منه إلى ربه مما لقي منهن، وفي قوله: وذلك كقول القائل لآخر: إن لا تزرني أهنك، فيجيبه الآخر: إذن أزورك، لأن في قوله: إن لا تزرني أهنك، معنى الأمر بالزيارة.
Kurtubî13. c.✓ Citation verified

According to Kurtubî, Joseph's words 'keep the scheming of women away from me' are actually in the nature of a supplication, as if he said 'O Allah, turn the scheming of women away from me'; and Allah accepted this supplication and protected him from falling into fornication. Regarding the issue of to whom the pronoun 'their scheming' refers in the verse, three views are narrated: to the women who invited him, to women in general, or to only the wife of Al-Aziz; the exegete indicates among these views that the general (comprehensive) meaning is more preferable.

تعرض للدعاء وكأنه قال : اللهم اصرف عني كيدهن فاستجاب له دعاءه ولطف به وعصمه عن الوقوع في الزنى كيدهن قيل : لأنهن جمع قد راودنه عن نفسه وقيل : يعني كيد النساء وقيل : يعني كيد امرأة العزيز على ما ذكر في الآية قبل والعموم أولى
İbn Kesîr14. c.✓ Citation verified

According to this exegete, Joseph, peace be upon him, resisted in the most severe manner thanks to the great protection granted to him by Allah, and chose prison; this shows that despite his youth, beauty and perfection, and despite the invitation of a beautiful woman possessed of wealth and position, his resistance was at the level of perfection due to fear of Allah and hope in His reward. Furthermore, it is stated that the reason for being thrown into prison was actually, even after his innocence became evident, to prevent the spreading of rumors and to protect the woman's honor.

وذلك أن يوسف عليه السلام عصمه الله عصمة عظيمة وحماه فامتنع منها أشد الإمتناع واختار السجن على ذلك وهذا في غاية مقامات الكمال
Beydâvî13. c.✓ Citation verified

According to Beydâwî, Joseph, peace be upon him, said that he preferred imprisonment to the fornication to which the women invited him; this preference arises from his consideration of the outcome, for although the soul desired fornication, this conduct is something the soul does not favor. The attribution of the invitation to all women is because they intimidated Joseph with the woman's opposition and encouraged him to obey, or because all of them had invited him to themselves. Allah's acceptance of his supplication was realized by making him steadfast upon protection and causing him to prefer the hardship of imprisonment to pleasure containing disobedience.

أحب إلي مما يدعونني إليه أي آثر عندي من مؤاتاتها زنا نظرا إلى العاقبة وإن كان هذا مما تشتهيه النفس وذلك مما تكرهه، وإسناد الدعوة إليهن جميعا لأنهن خوفنه من مخالفتها وزين له مطاوعتها.

Comparison

Common ground

All exegetes agree that Joseph preferred imprisonment to fornication and relate this to Allah's acceptance of his supplication or request by protecting him from disobedience; furthermore, there is common emphasis that the expression 'their scheming' refers to women's stratagems and that this preference demonstrates Joseph's protection from sin and perfection.

Differences

While Taberî grounds his view that the words are not direct supplication but rather contain indirect complaint and request through linguistic analogy, Kurtubî reads this as an explicit supplication and discusses three views regarding the scope of the pronoun, preferring the comprehensive meaning. Ibn Kesîr, with an approach weighted toward narrations, explains the reason for entering prison through the prevention of social reputation damage and rumors, while Beydâwî interprets the attribution of the invitation to all women based on variant readings and linguistic analysis from a psychological perspective. These differences stem from the variety of approaches between the linguistic and rhetorical-focused exegetical method and the narration and hadith-centered exegetical method.

Historical context

In the process extending from Taberî to Beydâwî, the fundamental meaning (Joseph's protection from sin and patience) has remained constant, but over time linguistic and variant reading analyses and discussions regarding the referent of the pronoun have become more systematic; Ibn Kesîr's approach weighted toward narrations, on the other hand, re-presents the early exegetical heritage within a more ethical and social framework.

Modern connection

This comparative reading points to the power of patience and sincerity in preserving personal integrity in the face of difficulty and pressure; today as well, a person's effort not to compromise on principles can be seen as a form of spiritual refuge through inner discipline and turning toward Allah. Furthermore, the emphasis on protecting social reputation and avoiding gossip offers a contemporary reminder regarding the importance of respect and cautious conduct in family and community relations.

AI analysis — not a fatwa or ruling, not yet reviewed by a scholar